Aplastic anemia is a general term used when the bone marrow fails to produce any blood cells ( red cells, white cells, and platelets), also called pancytopenia. Viral infections affecting the marrow for example. In some of these conditions, red blood cell and white blood cell productions may also be affected. See Answerĭecreased platelet production is usually related to a bone marrow problem. QUESTION Sickle cell disease is named after a farming tool. These effects vary with different low platelet counts from person to person. In mild thrombocytopenia, there may be no adverse effects in the clotting or bleeding pathways. Other disorders exist that can cause impaired platelet function despite normal platelet count.Ī platelet count below 10,000 is severe thrombocytopenia and may result in spontaneous bleeding. It is important to note that even though the platelet numbers are decreased in thrombocytopenia, their function often remains completely intact. When activated, the platelets become sticky and adhere to one another and to the blood vessel wall at the site of the injury to slow down and stop the bleeding by plugging up the damaged blood vessel or tissue (hemostasis). Certain chemicals are released from the injured blood vessels or other structures that signal platelets to become activated and join the other components of the system to initiate coagulation. They circulate in the blood vessels and become activated if there is any bleeding or injury in the body. Platelets initiate a sequence of reactions that eventually lead to the formation of a blood clot. A platelet count greater than 400,000 is called thrombocytosis. Platelet counts less than 150,000 are termed thrombocytopenia. The number of platelets in the blood is referred to as the platelet count and is normally between 150,000 to 400,000 per microliter (one-millionth of a liter) of blood. Platelets, in general, have a brief lifespan in the blood (7 to 10 days), after which they are removed from circulation. The other third is typically stored (sequestered) in the spleen. The circulating platelets make up about two-thirds of the platelets that are released from the bone marrow. The fragments of these megakaryocytes are platelets that are released into the bloodstream. Platelets originate from megakaryocytes, which are large cells found in the bone marrow. Platelets are made in the bone marrow similar to other cells in the blood. Platelets play an important role in clotting and bleeding. Platelets are one of the cellular components of the blood along with white and red blood cells. Normal platelet counts range from 150,000 to 400,000 per microliter in the blood. Thrombocytopenia is lower than the normal number of platelets (less than 150,000 platelets per microliter) in the blood. However, if diagnosed later in the disease process, or if HIT is the cause, the prognosis decreases. If treated early and effectively, the prognosis for thrombocytopenia is usually good. However, many causes may not be preventable. Depending upon the cause, thrombocytopenia may be prevented. Complications of thrombocytopenia can be severe (organ damage and death). Treatment of thrombocytopenia varies depending on the cause and the severity of the condition. The diagnosis of thrombocytopenia is confirmed by blood tests that determine platelet count. Doctors that may be consulted for thrombocytopenia include emergency medicine, internal medicine, hematologists, and immunologists. Individuals should seek medical care if they have one or more of these symptoms. Heavy menstrual bleeding that's unusual for the female. Spontaneous bleeding from the gums or nose. #Cbc mpv low skin
Petechiae (superficial tiny areas of bleeding into the skin resulting in small reddish spots).
Sequestration (caused by an enlarged spleen, neonatal, gestational, pregnancy).Increased destruction (caused by drugs, heparin, idiopathic, pregnancy, immune system).Diminished production (caused by viral infections, vitamin deficiencies, aplastic anemia, drug-induced).Causes of thrombocytopenia can be classified into three groups:.
Thrombocytopenia may be inherited or acquired when conditions occur, such as the use of certain drugs.Thrombocytopenia or low platelet count is lower than a normal number of platelets (less than 150,000 platelets per microliter) in the blood.Symptoms and signs of thrombocytopenia may include fatigue, bleeding, and others.
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